Laptop overheating on Linux is rarely one bug. It’s a stack problem. Firmware, kernel power policy, the CPU governor, discrete GPU power, and plain dust in the heatsink all interact. The good news: Linux shows you every layer. Work through it in order and you can cut sustained temps by 8 to 20 C, quiet the fans, and stretch battery life without slowing the laptop down.
This guide reads as a full workflow, not a random list of tweaks. You’ll start with prereqs and a baseline, score how bad the issue is, then fix in order: software first, firmware and kernel next, hardware last.
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